人口总量超过2.7亿的印尼是东盟最大的经济体，中国已连续9年成为印尼的第一大贸易伙伴，中国还是印尼第二大投资来源国。2023年是中国同印尼建立全面战略伙伴关系10周年。对于双方合作，印尼总统佐科去年访华后曾表示，期待与中国进一步加强友好合作，为地区和全球的繁荣稳定作出贡献。

2022年出口暴增26%

根据印度尼西亚统计局1月16日发布的进出口数据，2022年1至12月，印尼的出口额为2919.8亿美元，同比增长26.07%；非石油和天然气出口2759.6亿美元，同比增长25.80%。

其中，2022年12月，印尼的出口额为238.3亿美元，同比增长6.58%；非石油和天然气出口达到223.5亿美元，同比增长4.99%。2022年12月，印尼非石油和天然气出口的主要国家目的地是中国（57.9亿美元）、日本（20.8亿美元）、美国（20.6亿美元），三者的贡献达到44.39%。

2022年1至12月，印尼非石油和天然气进口的最大贸易伙伴国是中国（671.6亿美元，占比34.07%）、日本（170.8亿美元，占比8.66%）、泰国（108.5亿美元，占比5.50%）。

经济增长取得近10年来最佳成绩

据印尼国家统计局6日公布的数据，该国2022年国内生产总值(GDP)同比增长5.31%，创下2013年以来的最高增速。

印尼统计局局长马尔戈说，全球大宗商品热销使印尼主要出口商品煤炭、棕榈油、钢铁价格攀高，防疫措施解除带动国内消费，以及旅游业回春，这种种因素推动印尼经济在2022年取得“令人瞩目”的增长。

据印尼国家统计局局长尤沃诺介绍，消费、出口和投资支撑了2022年印尼经济的增长。其中增长最快的是运输和仓储业，同比增长19.87%;商品和服务出口同比增长16.28%;住宿和餐饮业同比增长11.97%。

印尼经济统筹部长艾尔朗加指出，数字转型促进了印尼经济增长势头。2022年该国数字经济产值达770亿美元，预计到2025年将增长至1460亿美元。他表示，印尼在数字经济竞争方面“具有明显优势”。

印尼金融服务管理局局长马亨德拉表示，因为有国内消费和投资的支撑，2023年印尼经济复苏将持续。2022年8月，印尼总统佐科在国会做2023年国家收支预算草案说明时称，印尼政府将2023年经济增长目标设定为5.3%。

RCEP生效激活中国印尼经贸合作新潜能

据中国海关总署数据，2022年1-12月，中国与印尼进出口商品总值达9956.9亿元人民币，累计比上年同期增长23.8%。其中，中国向印尼出口4755.7亿元人民币，同比增长21.6%；自印尼进口5201.2亿元人民币，同比增长26.0%。

今年1月2日，《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）对印尼正式生效。按照协定承诺，印尼对原产自中国65.1%比例的产品实施立即零关税，中国也将对原产自印尼67.9%比例的产品实施立即零关税。两国外贸企业都可从中享受进口税减免优惠。

在RCEP项下，印尼在中国-东盟自贸区基础上，新增给予中国700多个税号产品零关税待遇，包括部分汽车零部件、摩托车、电视、服装鞋靴、塑料制品等。中国也将在中国-东盟自贸协定基础上，对印尼产菠萝汁和罐头、椰子汁、胡椒、柴油、纸制品、部分化工品和汽车零部件等降税，进一步开放市场。

除可享受低税率外，未来印尼消费者购买来自中国的商品还会更加高效便捷。根据RCEP的《货物放行》规定，各成员国间要简化海关程序，放宽报税政策，最终让区域内跨境电商物流变得更高效，运输成本降得更低。在经贸规则方面，RCEP生效后，伴随着原产地规则、海关程序、检验检疫、技术标准等统一规则落地，区域内贸易规则逐渐规范与统一，区域内市场的贸易标准一体化大大削弱了交易壁垒。中国与印尼的电子商务合作将迎来新一轮增长。

Indonesia, with a population of over 270 million, is the largest economy in ASEAN. China has been Indonesia's largest trading partner for nine years in a row. China is also the second largest source of investment for Indonesia. The year 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of the establishment of China-Indonesia comprehensive strategic partnership. As for bilateral cooperation, Indonesian President Joko Widodo said after his visit to China last year that he looks forward to further strengthening friendly cooperation with China and contributing to regional and global prosperity and stability.

Exports surged 26 percent in 2022

According to import and export data released by the Indonesia Statistics Bureau on January 16, Indonesia's exports in January-December 2022 were 291.98 billion US dollars, up 26.07% year on year; Non-oil and gas exports were $275.96 billion, up 25.80 percent year on year.

Among them, in December 2022, Indonesia's export volume was 23.83 billion US dollars, a year-on-year growth of 6.58%; Non-oil and gas exports reached $22.35 billion, up 4.99 percent year on year. In December 2022, the main country destinations for Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports were China ($5.79 billion), Japan ($2.08 billion) and the United States ($2.06 billion), contributing 44.39 percent.

In January-December 2022, Indonesia's largest trading partners for non-oil and gas imports were China ($67.16 billion, 34.07 percent), Japan ($17.08 billion, 8.66 percent), and Thailand ($10.85 billion, 5.50 percent).

Economic growth has been the best in nearly a decade

Indonesia's gross domestic product (GDP) grew 5.31% in 2022 from a year earlier, the fastest pace since 2013, according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on Thursday.

Rising global commodity prices for Indonesia's top exports of coal, palm oil and steel, domestic consumption driven by the lifting of quarantine measures and a rebound in tourism will drive "impressive" economic growth in 2022, statistics Bureau chief Margo said.

Consumption, exports and investment underpinned Indonesia's growth in 2022, according to National Bureau of Statistics director Yuwono. The fastest growth was in the transportation and storage sector, up 19.87 percent year on year; Exports of goods and services increased by 16.28% year on year. The accommodation and catering industry saw a year-on-year growth of 11.97%.

Indonesia's Coordinating Minister for the Economy, Arranga, noted that digital transformation has boosted Indonesia's economic momentum. The country's digital economy was worth $77 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow to $146 billion by 2025. Indonesia "has a clear advantage" in competing in the digital economy, he said.

The head of Indonesia's Financial Services Authority, Mahendra, said the country's economic recovery will continue in 2023, supported by domestic consumption and investment. In August 2022, Indonesian President Joko Widodo explained the 2023 national revenue and expenditure budget draft in the Parliament, saying that the Indonesian government has set the economic growth target of 5.3% in 2023.

The entry into force of the RCEP will unleash new potential in China-Indonesia economic and trade cooperation

According to the General Administration of Customs of China, in the first December of 2022, the total value of imports and exports between China and Indonesia reached 995.69 billion yuan, up 23.8% over the same period last year. Among them, China's export to Indonesia was 475.57 billion yuan, up 21.6% year on year; The import from Indonesia was 520.12 billion yuan, up by 26.0% year on year.

On January 2 this year, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) officially entered into force for Indonesia. According to the agreement, Indonesia has implemented immediate zero tariff on 65.1 percent of products originating in China, and China will also implement immediate zero tariff on 67.9 percent of products originating in Indonesia. Foreign trade enterprises of both countries can enjoy import duty reduction.

Under the RCEP, based on the China-Asean Free Trade Area, Indonesia has granted zero-tariff treatment to over 700 additional Chinese products, including some auto parts, motorcycles, televisions, clothing, shoes and plastic products. On the basis of the China-Asean free trade Agreement, China will further open its market by lowering taxes on Indonesian pineapple juice and canned products, coconut juice, pepper, diesel, paper products, some chemicals and auto parts.

In addition to low tax rates, it will be more efficient and convenient for Indonesian consumers to buy goods from China in the future. According to the "Release of Goods" provisions of the RCEP, customs procedures will be simplified among member countries, and tax declaration policies will be relaxed, which will ultimately make cross-border e-commerce logistics more efficient and transport costs lower in the region. In terms of economic and trade rules, the entry into force of the RCEP has gradually standardized and unified intra-regional trade rules with unified rules of origin, customs procedures, inspection and quarantine, and technical standards, and the integration of trade standards in intra-regional markets has greatly weakened trade barriers. The e-commerce cooperation between China and Indonesia will see a new round of growth.